What role does the xenon lamp play in the jewelry welding machine?

Xenon lamps, specifically short-arc xenon lamps, are used as the pumping light source in professional jewelry welding equipment (such as laser welding machines). Their main function is to provide energy to the laser working substance, enabling it to generate the laser used for welding. 
The specific action process is as follows: 
As a high-brightness light source: Xenon lamps can emit a very intense continuous spectrum within the visible light to near-infrared spectral range. This strong light characteristic enables it to be effectively used as a pump source. 
Light energy conversion: In a typical pulsed YAG laser welding machine, an xenon lamp is installed in the pump chamber, surrounding the yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal rod. When the xenon lamp is triggered and lit by high voltage current, it emits a strong flash. 
Initiating laser generation: Rare earth elements (such as neodymium Nd) are incorporated into the interior of the YAG crystal. The intense light emitted by the xenon lamp is absorbed by the YAG crystal. The neodymium ions within the crystal absorb the light energy and then transition from the ground state to a higher energy level. When these ions fall back from the higher energy level to the lower energy level, they release photons of a specific wavelength (such as 1064nm). These photons are reflected multiple times by the mirrors within the optical resonator and amplified, eventually forming a high-energy, highly coherent laser beam. 
Achieving precise welding: This laser beam is focused through a focusing lens onto a very small point, creating a light spot with extremely high energy density. When it shines on the joint of the jewelry piece, the tremendous energy is absorbed by the metal material in an instant and converted into heat energy, causing the local metal to rapidly melt or even vaporize, thereby achieving precise fusion connection. 
In summary, xenon lamps do not directly perform the welding process in the jewelry welding system. Instead, they serve as the core "energy engine", through the photoelectric conversion process, providing the necessary energy input to generate the laser beam used for actual welding. Its advantages include high luminous efficiency, good matching of the spectral range with the absorption spectrum of YAG crystals, and the ability to produce pulsed laser with peak power, which is highly suitable for the precise and low-heat impact welding required by the jewelry industry.